Brief Introduction of Diatom Stratospheric

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Recently In our previous issue, we published an article entitled ‘’A Proposed Diatom Stratospheric Life-form’’ by one of the eminent authors‘’ Lincoln Stoller’’ Mind Strength Balance, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

This article is about "A Proposed Diatom Stratospheric Life-form" By providing physical, chemical, and electrical methods to maintain its position and metabolism, we suggest a species of diatom that completes its whole life cycle in the lower stratosphere. Our proposed life form utilizes hydrogen sulfates to produce water for hydration, hydrogen for buoyancy, and energy for metabolic operations. We describe a method for harvesting negative ions from the voltage gradient of the stratosphere by stable altitude cycling. Both terrestrial and extra-terrestrial atmospheric biomes can benefit from this theoretical, anticipatory approach. We urge for novel observations that maintain the in vivo circumstances of the sampling environment in order to find fragile, flying life forms, which we contend have been undetected residents of the stratosphere for the previous 200 million years.

Pressure and temperature-insensitive material has been gathered using adhesion and gas capture sampling techniques. Isotherm and baric samples have only seldom been collected at low velocities. There hasn't been any discussion of sample collection methods that retain the natural stratospheric electrical and radiative environment.

The world's oceans combined with the stratosphere's size make it the largest biome. It also has the lowest density, with 10-6 fewer gas molecules per volume of aerosol than there are in the water. Although it would be unusual for a living form to be eternally flying, the mechanics of such a life form are feasible, as explained here.

The stratospheric biome is characterized by simultaneous extremes of low pressure, density, humidity, temperature, and possibly high acidity as well as radiation, even yet it includes the essential components required to support life.

All of these environmental factors have been adjusted for separately by terrestrial living forms, with the exception of low density, which is the most difficult for an active metabolism. We suggest two brand-new ways that an active diatomic species might succeed. 

As one ascends through the troposphere, the temperature decreases until it reaches a slowly fluctuating minimum of -60oC between 10 km and 20 km in the tropopause. After then, temperatures increase with altitude, reaching a local maximum of -10oC at 45 km in the upper stratosphere.

The stratification and stability of the atmosphere, as well as the absence of vertical mixing above the troposphere, are caused by temperature inversions and changing chemical, physical, and radiative properties. Micron-sized particles, which are only weakly prone to sedimentation, remain airborne for months in the absence of vertical winds and precipitation. Equatorial and polar currents, Coriolis forces, and gravity waves all contribute to horizontal mixing.

A gas vacuole needs to be lighter than the air it is surrounded by in order to create buoyancy, hence it needs to be filled with a gas that is lighter than air. Since hydrogen is the lightest gas and a frequent byproduct, it is a natural choice. However, it is light due to its small size, and because of this, it can escape via molecular-sized cracks. Hydrogen is therefore challenging to contain.

Gas-permeable membranes are used to contain the gases in cells that utilize gas-filled vacuoles. This method is efficient because any gas will do to achieve buoyancy in water. The permeability of the membrane enables partial pressures of gases created by cellular activities to fill it. 

We haven't improved photosynthesis as a method of producing hydrogen because, first of all, the presence of sulfites, free ions, and electric gradients offers a more plentiful, potent, and straightforward source of energy for chemical reduction. Second, the endothermic process of photosynthesis, which is closely linked to cellular metabolism, calls on elements that are less abundant in the stratosphere, particularly magnesium. By relying on unknowable climatic and metabolic variables, which are unable to provide a response to the question of whether sufficient hydrogen can be created, it is suggested that photosynthesis be used as a source of hydrogen.

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