Journal Series

Overview Bone fragility is a condition that occurs when bones become weak and brittle, making them more likely to break. It is a major public health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide. The most common type of bone fragility is osteoporosis, which is a condition that causes a progressive loss of bone mass and density. Osteoporosis is often called a "silent disease" because it often has no symptoms until a fracture occurs. The risk of bone fragility increases with age, especially after menopause in women. Other risk factors for bone fragility include: Family history of osteoporosis Low body weight Caucasian or Asian ancestry Certain medical conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and hyperthyroidism Long-term use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids There are a number of things that can be done to prevent bone fragility, including: Eating a healthy diet that is rich in calcium and vitamin D Getting regular exercise Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol...

Overview Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure in which a damaged or diseased joint is replaced with an artificial joint, known as a prosthesis. The most common types of arthroplasty are hip and knee replacements, but other joints such as the shoulder, elbow, wrist, ankle, and finger joints can also be replaced. Arthroplasty is typically performed to relieve pain and restore mobility in patients with severe joint damage caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or trauma. The procedure involves removing the damaged joint components and replacing them with a prosthetic joint made of metal, plastic, or ceramic materials. Arthroplasty is a highly effective treatment for joint pain and dysfunction, with most patients experiencing significant improvement in their quality of life after the procedure. Use of Arthroplasty Arthroplasty is commonly used to treat various conditions that affect the joints, including: Osteoarthritis This is a degenerative joint disease that...

Overview Osteology is the study, characterization, and examination of bones, as well as their structures and purposes. Osteology is divided into two primary categories: human and animal. Human Osteology There are 206 bones in the human body, and they can be divided into four different categories based on how they are shaped: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Compact bone, which is located on the surface of bones and is solid and dense, and spongy bone, which is porous and found inside of bones, are two different types of tissues that make up bones. Bones have several functions, which include: Serving as a framework to hold the body up and safeguard our internal organs, such as the heart and lungs. Our bones also have ligaments, tendons, and muscles that help us move. Generating platelets and blood cells, which are essential for the production of new blood and the healing of wounds. Storing energy reserves like lipids as well as minerals like calcium and phosphor...

Overview Low bone mass, micro-architectural degeneration of bone tissue that causes bone fragility, and an elevated risk of fractures are all symptoms of osteoporosis, a systemic skeletal condition. It is the most frequent cause of a broken bone in older people.  The vertebrae in the spine, the forearm bones, and the hip are among the bones that frequently shatter. There are often no signs before a shattered bone occurs. Bones may become so fragile that they can shatter spontaneously or under light force. A lower-than-average maximal bone mass and greater-than-average bone loss might be the causes of osteoporosis. Because of decreasing amounts of oestrogen after menopause and testosterone following "andropause," bone loss accelerates. Alcoholism, anorexia, hyperthyroidism, renal illness, and surgically removing the ovaries are a few conditions or therapies that might result in osteoporosis. Certain anti-seizure drugs, chemotherapy, proton pump inhibitors, selective serotonin ...

Introduction The study's goal is to determine the relationship between surgically treated acetabular fractures, associated lesions, and the need for pelvic stabilisation before definitive fixation. Retrospective review of patients with acetabular fractures treated surgically at the Mexican Red Cross Central Hospital between August 2013 and January 2016. Descriptive statistical analysis in terms of frequency, proportions, and X2 were performed to determine qualitative dependency among variables, with a P value of 0.05 used to determine significance.32 patients were sampled, 26 of whom were males with an average age of 36.3 years. 75% were caused by an accident involving a motor vehicle (P=0.0052). Damage control orthopaedics were performed in 68.7% of cases, with a positive relationship between this and subsequent surgical treatment (P=0.0052). Damage control orthopaedics were performed in 68.7% of cases, with a positive relationship between this and subsequent surgical treatment (P...

Introduction Alkaptonuria is a rare inherited genetic disease caused by a lack of the enzyme Homogentisic Acid Oxidase (HGA). This enzyme catalyses the breakdown of homogentisic acid, a byproduct of the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine. The condition is extremely rare, affecting only 1 in 100,000 to 250,000 people. The HGA is abundantly excreted in the urine of these patients. Despite this, HGA levels in the blood and body tissues are elevated. A lack of homogentisic acid causes an accumulation in the blood and tissues, affecting the hyaline cartilage, skin, sclera, tendon, joints, and intervertebral disc. It is also linked to lower bone mineral density. The condition also has an impact on the respiratory, genitourinary, and cardiovascular systems. The polymer known as Ochronotic pigment, also known as Ochronosis, affects hyaline cartilage, particularly in weight-bearing joints such as the knee. Ochronotic arthritis usually appears in the third decade of life. Finally, j...