Journal Series

Overview The importance of cephalopods for fisheries and even aquaculture is prompting questions about how these mollusks are affected by environmental stressors like pollution and climate change. However, compared to other molluscs, particularly bivalves, which serve as frontline models in aquatic toxicology, these animals' responses to environmental toxins are significantly less well-studied. Cephalopods have a similar fundamental body structure, but because they are active predators with rapid growth and metabolic rates, they have diverse adaptations, sometimes unique. The majority of research on the digestive gland, which is similar to the liver in vertebrates, concentrated on metal bioaccumulation and its relationship to environmental concentrations, with evidence that certain cellular structures (such spherulae) and proteins were involved. Although there is debate regarding how phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes work in molluscs, There is proof of CYP-mediated bioact...