Different Psychological Factors were Present During the early COVID-19 epidemic and were linked to unnecessary dental avoidance and attendance behavior

Journal of Dental Research and Practice

Overview

Since its appearance in early December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new strain of coronavirus of zoonotic origin, has spread, causing a global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (World Health Organization, 2020). The dentistry industry now faces an unprecedented challenge as a result. Due to the close physical contact between dentists and patients, the production of large volumes of droplets and aerosol during treatment, and the inability of the patients to wear masks during treatment, dentists and dental patients in clinical settings are at an increased risk of exposure and infection. Additionally, in the lack of proper safeguards, patients may be exposed to cross-contamination in the dentist's office. Conversely, dental issues like acute pulpitis, acute apical abscess, and severe dental damage can cause excruciatingly painful symptoms and, if untreated, may worsen to the point of becoming life-threatening. Therefore, people who have dental issues are presented with a dilemma: either they visit a dentist to treat their symptoms at the expense of an increased risk of infection, or they endure their symptoms at home. 

Outbreak

Despite widespread support for these governmental regulations and academic standards, clinical evidence revealed that patients who did not require immediate or urgent dental care frequently visited dental hospitals. However, a sizable number of patients who required urgent care declined to go to dental hospitals. The danger of SARS-CoV-2 exposure and infection for dental personnel and patients is unnecessarily increased by these subpar dental attendance practices, which also obstruct the optimal prioritization of dental care resources. Behaviors related to dental attendance are undoubtedly influenced by psychological variables. Dental anxiety leads to erratic dental care seeking. In the same way, pregnant women often avoid going to the dentist even though doing so can help their pregnancies.

The goal of the current study was to thoroughly evaluate psychological variables from several domains that affect dental patients' attendance patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus was on psychological elements that are related to unnecessary dental avoidance and attendance, respectively. During the COVID-19 epidemic, identifying these psychological drivers would assist address patients' poor dental attendance habits and encourage the broad adoption of dental attendance practices that are in line with patients' actual dental treatment needs.

Effects

As of this writing, some research has looked at how the COVID-19 outbreak has affected dentistry, and even fewer have looked at how it has affected dental patients' psychological health. In their assessment of dental conditions linked to psychological health, Zhai and Zhou (2020) stressed the significance of dentists' attention to their patient's psychological well-being. Over 30% of Hong Kong's dental patients during the SARS outbreak were concerned about contracting the disease while receiving dental care. However, this study exclusively polled dental attendees. This investigation did not reveal any psychological variables linked to dental avoidance or attendance during significant disease epidemics. Therefore, the study's applicability in guiding customized, focused psychological therapies that encourage the adoption of optimal dental attendance behavior was restricted.

During the COVID-19 outbreak, psychological variables have had a significant impact on patients' dental attendance behavior. Unnecessary dental avoidance is influenced by personal characteristics such as coping style and anxiety as well as anticipated risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection in general hospitals and dentistry clinics. Conversely, unnecessary dental visits are motivated by faith in medical professionals and optimism or pessimism towards the COVID-19 outbreak. To effectively inform and assist the general public and to encourage more widespread adoption of dental attendance behavior suitable to dental treatment needs during the current COVID-19 epidemic, multidisciplinary activities are required.

About Journal

The Journal of Dental Research especially welcomes studies about clinical dentistry, and all basic science aspects of physiology, microbiology, structure, chemistry, and developmental biology of relevant oral tissues. If you would like to submit your paper to this Journal, please use our online submission portal or send us an email at dentistry@emedscholar.com. Online submission portal link: https://www.scholarscentral.org/submissions/dental-research-practice.html

Journal home page link:  https://www.iomcworld.org/dental-research-practice.html

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